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- KERMIT(1) QNX Software Manual KERMIT(1)
-
-
- NAME NAME
- kermit - file transfer, virt. terminal over tty link
-
- SYNOPSIS SYNOPSIS
-
- kermit c [ lbe ] [ line ] [ baud ] [ esc ]
-
- kermit r [ ddilb ] [ line ] [ baud ]
-
- kermit s [ ddilb ] [ l
- ine ] [ baud ] file ...
-
- DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION
- Kermit Kermit provides reliable file transfer and primitive virtual
- terminal communication between machines. It has been
- implemented on many different computers, including
- microprocessors (see below). The files transferred may be
- arbitrary ASCII data (7-bit characteand may be of any
- length. The file transfer protocol uses small (94
- character) checksummed packets, with ACK/NACK responses and
- Kermit timeouts. Kermit currently uses a five second timeout and
- ten retries.
-
- kermit The arguments to kermit are a set of flags (no spaces
- between the flags), three optional
- args (which, if included,
- must be in the same order as the flags which indicate their
- presence), and, if this is a Send operation a list of one or
- tar more files. (It is similar in some way to the Unix tar
- command structure).
-
- Kermit Kermit has three modes, Connect, Send, and Receive. The
- first is for a virtual terminal connection, the other two
- for file transfer. These modes are specified by the first
- c s or r flag, which should be c, s, or r, respectively. Exactly one
- mode must be specified.
-
- d kermit The d flag (debug) makes kermit a bit more verbose.
- kermit
- The states kermit goes through are printed along with other
- d traces of it's operation. A second d flag will cause
- kermit kermit to give an even more detailed trace.
-
- i The i flag (image) allows slightly more efficie
- nt file
- transfer between Unix machines. Normally (on Kermits
- defined to run on Unix systems) newline is mapped to CRLF on
- output, CR's are discarded on input, and bytes are masked to
- 7 bits. If this is set, no mapping is done on newlines, and
- all eight bits of each byte are sent or received. This is
- the default for non-Unix kermits.
-
- l kermit
- The l flag (line) specifies the tty line that kermit
- should use to communicate with the other machine. This is
- l specified as a regular device name, like "$mdm". If no l
- kermit option is specified, standard input is used and kermit
- assumes it is running on the remote host (ie. NOT the
- machine to which your terminal is attached).
-
- b The b flag (baud) sets the baud rate on the line
- l b specified by the l flag. No changes are made if the b flag
- is not used. Legal speeds are: 110, 150, 300, 1200, 2400,
-
-
- -1-
-
-
- KERMIT(1) QNX Soft
- ware Manual KERMIT(1)
-
-
- 4800, 9600.
-
- e The e flag (escape) allows the user to set the first
- character of the two character escape sequence for Connect
- kermit mode. When the escape character is typed, kermit will hold
- it and wait for the next character. If the next character
-
- c C kermit is c or C, kermit will close the connection with the
- b B remote host. Similarly, if the next character is b or B,
- kermit kermit will send a BREAK signal to the remote host. If the
- ____
- second character is the same as the escape character, the
- escape character itself is passed. Any character other than
- these three results in a bell being sent to the user's
- terminal and no characters passed to the remote host. All
- other typed characters are passed through unchanged. The
- default escape character is '^'.
-
- p The
- p flag (parity) allows parity to be set on
- outgoing packets and stripped on incoming ones. This is
- useful for communicating with IBM hosts or over networks,
- such as TELENET, that usurp the parity bit. The possible
- values for parity are mark, space, even, odd or none (the
- default).
-
- t kermit The t flag (turnaround) tells kermit while in protoc
- ol
- mode (sending or receiving) to wait for a turnaround
- character (XON) from the other host after receiving every
- kermit packet. This is necessary to run kermit with a half duplex
- host such as an IBM mainframe.
-
- h kermit The h flag (half duplex) makes kermit echo locally
- any char
- acters typed in connect mode. This is also
- necessary to communicate with a half duplex system like an
- IBM 370. The file arguments are only meaningful to a Send
- kermit kermit kermit. The Receiving kermit will attempt to store the
- file with the same name that was used to send it. QNX
- kermits kermits n
- ormally convert outgoing file names to uppercase
- f and incoming ones to lower case (see the f flag). If a
- filename contains a slash (/) all outgoing kermits will
- strip off the leading part of the name through the last
- slash.
-
- EXAMPLE EXAMPLE
- For this example we will assume two QNX machines. We are
- logged onto "qnxa" (the
- local machine), and want to
- communicate with "qnxb" (the remote machine). There is a
- modem on "$mdm".
-
- We want to connect to "qnxb", then transfer "file1" to
- that machine.
-
- We type: kermit clb $mdm 1200
-
- Kermit answers: Kermit: connected...
-
- Now we dial the remote machine and connect the modem.
- Anything typed on the terminal will be sent to the remote
- machine a
- nd any output from that machine will be displayed
- on our terminal. We hit Control-Z, get a login herald and
-
-
- -2-
-
-
- KERMIT(1) QNX Software Manual KERMIT(1)
-
-
- log in.
-
- kermit Now we need to start a kermit on the remote machine so
- that we can send the file over. First we start up the
- kermit remote, (in this case receiving) kermit, then the local,
- (sending) one. Remember that we are talking to qnxb right
- now.
-
- We type: kermit r
- kermit (there is now a Receive kermit on qnxb)
-
- c We type ^ (the escape character) a
- nd then c to kill
- kermit the local (Connecting) kermit.
-
- Kermit disconnected.
-
- We type: kermit slb $mdm 1200 file1
-
- Kermit answers: Sending file1 as FILE1
-
- kermit When the transmission is finished, kermit will type
- either "Send complete", or "Send failed.", depending on the
- success
- of the transfer. If we now wanted to transfer a
- file from qnxb (remote) to qnxa (local), we would use these
- commands:
-
-
- kermit clb $mdm 1200
- (connected to qnxb)
- kermit s file9
- ^c (up-arrow c not control-c)
- (talking to qnxa again)
- kermit rl $mdm 1200
-
-
-
- After all the transfers were done, we should connect
- kermit again, log off of qnxb, kill the Connect kermit and hang up
- the phone.
-
- Detail on other implementations and on the protocol is
- ______ _____ _____ ______ ________ given in the Kermit Users Guide , and the Kermit Protocol
- ________ Handbook
-
- FEATURES FEATURES
-
- The KERMIT Protocol uses onl
- y printing ASCII
- characters, Ctrl-A, and CRLF. Ctrl-S/Ctrl-Q flow control can
- be used "underneath" the Kermit protocol (TANDEM line
- discipline on Berkeley Unix).
-
- kermit This kermit does have timeouts when run under QNX, so
- the protocol is stable when communicating with "dumb"
- kermits (that don't have timeouts).
-
- OTHER IMPLEMENTATIO
- NS OTHER IMPLEMENTATIONS
- Kermits have been written for TOPS-20, TOPS-10, IBM VM/CMS,
- Unix, VAX/VMS, RT-11, MS-DOS, CP/M, and Apple DOS.
-
-
- -3-
-
-
- KERMIT(1) QNX Software Manual KERMIT(1)
-
-
- kermit The QNX kermit in use at Merrell Dow has been tested
- with MS-Kermit (PC-DOS), Ckermit (Xenix), U
- nix Kermit (Unix
- System V) Kermit-11 (RSX-11M) , Kermit-32 under VMS, and
- Kermit-20 under TOPS-20. More information is given in the
- ______ _____ _____ Kermit Users Guide.
-
- SEE ALSO SEE ALSO
- stty(1)
-
- ______ _____ _____ ______ _______ _ ___ __ Kermit Users Guide, Fourth Edition (4 May 83), Frank da
- Cruz, Daphne Tzoar, Bill Catchings
-
- ____
- __ ________ ______ ________ _______ _ __ _____ Kermit Protocol Manual, Protocol Version 3 (29 April
- __ 83), Frank da Cruz, Bill Catchings
-
- Both of the above documents are from the Columbia
- University Center for Computing Activities, New York, New
- York, 10027.
-
- AUTHORS AUTHORS
- KERMIT kernel by Bill Catchings, Columbia University Center
- for Computing Activities
-
- KERMIT-Unix adaptation by Chris Maio and Bob Cattani,
- Columbia University Computer Science Dept.
-
- Local mods for v6, System III, and System V by Walter
- Underwood. Includes bug fixes from Jim Guyton at RAND-Unix.
-
- KERMIT-QNX adaption by Anthony J. Starks at Merrell Dow
- Research Institute.
-
- DIAGNOSTICS DIAGNOSTICS
- cannot open device
- "cannot open device"
-
- line The file named in the line argument did not exist or had
- the wrong permissions.
-
- bad line speed "bad line speed"
-
- baud The baud argument was not a legal speed.
-
- Could not create file "Could not create file"
-
- kermit
- A Receive kermit could not create the file being sent to
- it.
-
- nothing to connect to "nothing to connect to"
-
- kermit line A Connect kermit was started without a line argument.
-
- BUGS AND CAVEATS BUGS AND CAVEATS
- There is no locking on the use of the outgoing line.
- kermit
- Several users could run kermit (or anything else) on the
- line simultaneously.
-
- The name "kermit" is not an acronym, but named after
- the frog of Seasame Street fame. ("Kermit" is also Celtic
-
-
- -4-
-
-
- KERMIT(1) QNX Software Manual KERMIT(1)
-
-
- for "free")
-
- This implementation does not send or
- process
- error-message packets.
-
- Eight-bit quoting is not implemented.
-
- Terminal emulation mode drops characters after 1200(?)
- baud.
-
- The message "GETC: file not open for read" or some such
- may occur during transfers.
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